Your instructor dashboard includes all the courses you own as Instructor. Note that you may also have courses assigned to you as a Learner. Those won't be shown on this screen (1). However, if you switch to Learner mode you will see all your courses, even those assigned to you as an Instructor (2). In the Learner mode a special instructor label is used to distinguish between the courses you've got as Learner and those you've got as an Instructor. This behavior allows you to experience how your courses feel like when accessed from Learners. Note that your progress on the courses you own as Instructor will not be part of the course reports.
This screen also has options to add new courses, user groups, conferences and discussions (3). When you add a course you become its owner by default. Even if you stop being an Instructor for a course you can still manage the courses you created.